Regulating-switch for electric motors



- BEST AVAILABLE COP (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

- H. H. BLADES. REGULATING SWITCH FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS. v 110,397,773. Patented Feb. 12, 1889 '33 I WITNESSES INVENTOR 6% ww .dttorney,

. 1 i B EST AvAlLABLE COP UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HARRY H. BLADES, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

REG ULATI NG-SWIT CH' FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS.

srnorricn'rron fomha part of Letterslatent No. 397,773, dated February 12, 1889.

I s a-4.450;. filed new; '23, 1888.

.To all whom it may Be it known that I, HARRY H. BLADES, a

. citizen of the United States, residing at Detroit, county of Wayne' State of Michigan, have invented a certainnew and useful Improvement in Manipulating Switches for Electric Motors; and I declare the following.

to be a fu1l,fcl ea r, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will en ableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to makeand use the sameilrefe enes ng-had t t s m' nyingdrawings" hich' rorm'a parti-ofithis My invention relates to certain new and use}. ful improvements in electric switches, and more particularly'to that class. of switches de signed to govern the current which operates an electric motor orotheranalogous mechan- The various features of my invention will be more fully hereinafter described and claimed, reference. being had to the accompanying p The object of my invention is'to provide an improved switch of such construction that when actuated by means of a foot lever or other suitable mechanism current may be admitted to the motor, and by further operation of the same more current may beadmitted until the motorhas attained its maximum on rrent, when by further movement of the switch this maximum current may be shunted and passed through the armature in the reverse direction, thus exerting its full force to stop or reverse the motion of the motor; or by re-. turning the switch to its normal position simultaneously with the reversal of the ourrent the current may be cut out from the armatureand the armature instantly stopped. In the drawings, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic View of my improved switch and its connection with the motor and the resistance-coils; Fig. 2, a side elevation of the switch, and Fig. 3 a sectional view ofthe same. Fig. 4 shows the device as applied to a dental motor adapted for operation entirely by hand, and-showing by dotted lines how it may be arranged to be operated entirely by the foot. A represents the base on which the switc is secured; B B, contact-brushes secured to the revolving shell B which is provided wit-h Serial No. 268,222. (No man.)

' a pulley, B and spring B 0, the drum or block, upon which are mounted the conduct ing-segments a b c d and 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5; D and F'the field-magnets, and E the armature 'of any electric motor; G, a resistance-regulator cditaining coils g g g g with their respective binding-posts; H, the operating handle or lever.

The operation of my device is as follows: Supposing the parts to be in the positions shown in Fig. 1. It will be seen that the our- 7 rent will pass through the field-magnet D,

thence to the binding-post g of the regulator and through the four resistance-coils g, g, 9 and githence along the wire to the segment 1 and through connection Z to segment (land the brush B to segment a, and thence through shunt m to segment 5, and out I through at and N through the field-magnet F to the main line. This, it will be seen, short-circuits the armature, and the motor remains inactive, with the current passing through the field-magnets and the regulator. Now suppose the operator moves the switch, bringing'brush B into contact with segment 1 and the brush B into contact with segment a, the current will pass, as before, through the resistance-coils to the segment 1, thence through, brush B and wire 0 to armature E and through wire p and brush B to segment a, and thence through wires n and N through the field-magnet F. This, it will be seen, brings into the circuit the entire resistance of the regulator, giving the armature its minimum amount of current, and consequently slow speed. Now, to increase the speed, the operator moves the switch so as to bring brush B into contact with segment 2, brush B being still in contact with segment a. Then the current passes through field-magnet D and three only of the resistance-coils, passing through posts 9 and wire j to segment 2, then through brush B and wire 0, armature E and wire 1) and brush B and thence through segment a and wire 12, and N through field-magnetF, as before. So, also, segments 3 and et may be brought into contact by the continued rotation of the brush-holders, and as each successive segment is brought into play one coil of the resistance is out out, thus giving more current to the armature, Now, to reverse the armature, the operator brings the switch to the end of its strolie, when brush B will form a contact with segment and B with segment Z). In this condition the current will pass 5 through the field-m agnet to binding-post g and wire h to segment 71:, thence through shunt -r to segment I), whence it is carried by brush B and wire 1) to the armature E, thence through wire 0 and brush 13 to segment 5, and thence 1o throughwires n and N through the fieldmagnet F. This, it will be observed, will reverse the direction of the current through the armature and gi,v.ejiitj -a reverse motion.

This is accomplished while the full current is passing through the'rnotor, and the arma- -st simply which case the connection of the armature will be substituted for the connectionswith the fie1d-magnet's,and vice ver a. This is very o desirable feature, as it is often desirable to stop the motor instantly, and without allow? ing the rapidly-revolving armature to slow up 7 and stop after thecurrent has been cut on, as

is the case in all ordinary constructions.

By ineans of this device the operator will have perfect control over the motor and any mechanism operated thereby, and can run the same at a high or low speed, or can re- 7 verse the motion instantly, or instantly stop 40 the motor, a desired.

Instead of having the segments connected "with resistance-coils, as shown, they may be coii'iiectcd ivitli a series of battery-cells, l the o',t :e'1"atio"n of the switch will be to bring into the circuit one, two, or any desired how her of cells, thus giving the desired speed to the arn'iatu're Of course the number of segments into which the conductor is diyided may be varied go to produce any desired gmanauon of the current and the consequent regulation of the speed of the motor.

In certain systems it is essential, for the properoperation of the current, that a certain "resistance be maintained on the line, and in such case the segments 0 and d are so arranged as to simply short-circuit the armsture without cutting out the field-magnets. In some cases this may not be necessary, and

6b in this event the segments a and d maybe "dispensed with and a blank substituted in their stead. This results in breaking the entire current through the machine.

The switch ma be made to be operated 63 ei'ther by the hand or byf'the foot or the operator, and is spec a ly well adapted ro i- 1h gore-thinga dental motor. To this and army as BESTAVAILABLE cor" either be located at or near the floor to be opthe standard or bracket of the supportingstand and be operated by hand. Its adaptation to a dental motor is illustrated in Fig. 4, the apparatus being adapted for use entirely by hand and showing by dotted lines how it may be adapted for operation entirely by the foot. hen the device is thus arranged for a dental motor, the regulator G may be adjust-ed upon the standard, as shown. This is a very complete and convenient arrangement. The wires leading from the regulator to theswiteh and motor may be carried within the standard or upon its exterior, as may be preferred.

What I claim isw 1. In a manipulatilig switcli for electric m0- tors, a series of contacts connected and arranged in the order of their operation, as folspring-contacts adapted to ride over said segments, and a spring for returning them to the startingpoint, said segmental contacts connectedand arranged in the order of their operation, as follows: first, contacts adapted to break the circuit through the motor; second, a series of contacts, each successive one adapted to admit increased current to the motor; third,'contacts adapted'to reverse'the current through the armature or field-mag fets while at its maximum, si'ibstantiallj as described.

3. The switch consisting of segmental contacts aiiahg'ed upon a surface of "a stationary cylinder, a cylindrical shield surrounding the same and having spring-contacts upon its interior surface adapted to ride over said segments, a spring for retracting the same to its initial position, and a band and ti'e'adlc whereby motion ma be coih'rh'uh'icatedte the HARRY BLADES.

\Vit'ne'ssesr M. B. ODoqHE'nT-Y,

SAM dish E. Tfioinns.

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